S Terms
S (Land Status Records)Ā ā South.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SAH (Land Status Records)Ā ā Soldierās Additional Homestead.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SB MER (Land Status Records)Ā ā San Bernardino Meridian.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SCĀ ā South Carolina.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SCS (Land Status Records)Ā ā Subsistence Camp Site.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SCS (Land Status Records ) ā United States Soil Conservation Service.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SD (Land Status Records)Ā ā State Director.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SDĀ ā South Dakota.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā S. DAK.Ā ā South Dakota.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SDO (Land Status Records)Ā ā State Directorās Order.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SDS (Land Status Records)Ā ā Soldierās declaratory statement.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SDW (Land Status Records)Ā ā Stock Driveway.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SDW WDL (Land Status Records)Ā ā Stock driveway withdrawal.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SE (Land Status Records)Ā ā Southeast.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SEC (Land Status Records)Ā ā Section.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SEC OF AGRI (Land Status Records)Ā ā Secretary of Agriculture.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SEC OF THE INT (Land Status Records)Ā ā Secretary of the Interior.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SEGR (Land Status Records)Ā ā Segregate or Segregated.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SEL (Land Status Records)Ā ā Selection or Selected.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SEW MER (Land Status Records)Ā ā Seward Meridian.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SG (Land Status Records)Ā ā State Grant.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SHC (Land Status Records)Ā ā Small Holding Claim.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SI (Land Status Records)Ā ā Silver.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SIM (Land Status Records)Ā ā Simultaneous.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SL MER (Land Status Records)Ā ā Salt lake meridian.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SLUP (Land Status Records)Ā ā Special Land Use Permit.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā S&M (Land Status Records)Ā ā Soil and moisture.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SMCĀ ā Special Meander Corner.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SOĀ ā State Office.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SO (Land Status Records)Ā ā Secretaryās Order.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SOD (Land Status Records)Ā ā Sodium.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SPEC PER (Land Status Records)Ā ā Special permit.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SR (Land Status Records)Ā ā Serial Register.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SRHE (Land Status Records)Ā ā Stockraising Homestead Entry.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SS (Land Status Records)Ā ā State Selection.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SSE (Land Status Records)Ā ā Subsurface Estate.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ST (Land Status Records)Ā ā Small Tract.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STA (Land Status Records)Ā ā Station.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STAT.Ā ā Statutes. Used in citing a reference to the United States Statutes at large, for example: 85 Stat. 688, which cites
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā the eighty-fifth volume of the United Statues at large, at page 688.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ST CL (Land Status Records)Ā ā Small tract classification.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ST HEL MER (Land Status Records)Ā ā St. Helena Meridian.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ST LSE (Land Status Records)Ā ā Small tract lease.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STS (Land Status Records ) ā Small tract sale.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ST. STEP MER (Land Status Records)Ā ā St. Stephens Meridian.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SUBDIV UND (Land Status Records)Ā ā Subdivisions undefined.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SUBJ (Land Status Records)Ā ā Subject.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SUL (Land Status Records)Ā ā Sulphur.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SUPPL (Land Status Records)Ā ā Supplemental.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SUR (Land Status Records)Ā ā Survey or Surveyed.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SUS (Land Status Records)Ā ā Suspended.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SW (Land Status Records)Ā ā Southwest.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SX (Land Status Records)Ā ā State Exchange.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SALT LAKE MERIDIANĀ Ā Ā Ā ā The principal meridian governing surveys in most of Utah; it was adopted in 1855.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SALT MARSHĀ Ā Ā ā An area of low lying, wet ground containing a high proportion of salt or alkali; generally in arid
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā regions. See COASTAL SALT MARSH and ALKALI FLAT.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SCALE FACTOR*.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SCHOOL LAND DEFICIENCY OR LOSSĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā Land included in a State school-land grant which the State did not
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā receive, because it was fractional, or claimed prior to admission, or reserved for some other purpose, is termed a loss
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā or deficiency from the area granted. Under such circumstances, a State is entitled to a lieu selection. See SCHOOL
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā LAND INDEMNITY SELECTION.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SCHOOL-LAND INDEMNITY SELECTIONĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā A lieu selection made by a State to compensate for School Lands
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā which it did not secure.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SCHOOL LAND PATENTĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā ā A patent which is issued to a State to give it additional evidence of title to a school
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā section since title to school sections ordinarily passes to a State merely upon filing of the accepted survey of the
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā lands. See GRANT IN PLACE and IN PRAESENTI.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SCHOOL LANDSĀ Ā Ā ā Sometimes referred to asĀ āschool sectionsāĀ they are the lands included in a grant in place, or a
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā grant in praesenti, to a State in support of common schools. Under the Ordinance of May 20, 1785, section 16
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā (called Lot 16 in the Ordinance) in each township was set aside for the maintenance of public schools. In 1850 this
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā was changed to sections 16 and 36. In Arizona, New Mexico and Utah, sections 2, 16, 32 and 36 were granted.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SCREE SLOPEĀ Ā ā A steep slope formed of rocky material with a marked tendency to creep or slide. See TALUS.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SCRIBEĀ ā A hand tool used by surveyors to inscribe the prescribed markings on bearing trees. See SCRIBING*.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SCRIPĀ ā A certificate which allows the owner to make a selection of a specified number of acres out of available public
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā lands.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SEALĀ ā In law, a particular sign, made to attest in the most formal manner, the execution of a document or instrument.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SECANTĀ Ā ā 1) A line that cuts a geometric curve or surface at two or more points. 2) A trigonometric function of an
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā angle. See SECANT METHOD and SECANT CONE*.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SECANT METHODĀ Ā Ā Ā ā A method for laying off a parallel of latitude in Public Lands surveying.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SECOND FORM RECLAMATION WITHDRAWALĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā A reclamation withdrawal which embraces public lands that
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā are capable of being irrigated by a reclamation project.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SECOND PRINCIPAL MERIDIANĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā The principal meridian which governs surveys in most of Indiana and in part
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā of Illinois. Adopted in 1805, it is abbreviated 2Ā Prin. Mer.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SECTIONĀ ā The unit of subdivision of a township with boundaries conforming to the rectangular system of surveys,
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā nominally one mile square, containing 640 acres. See REGULAR SECTION, FRACTIONAL SECTION and
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā IRREGULAR SECTION.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SECTIONAL CORRECTION LINEĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā A latitudinal section line run to rectify a defective latitudinal governing
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā boundary. It is run on cardinal bearing to intersect the opposite controlling boundary where a closing corner is
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā established. See STANDARD PARALLEL, AUXILIARY STANDARD PARALLEL and GOVERNING
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SECTION LINE.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SECTIONAL GUIDE MERIDIANĀ Ā Ā &nbnbsp;Ā ā A meridional section line run to rectify a defective meridional governing
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā boundary. It is run on cardinal bearing to intersect the opposite controlling boundary where a closing corner is
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā established. See GUIDE MERIDIAN, AUXILIARY GUIDE MERIDIAN and GOVERNING SECTION LINE.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SECTION CORNERĀ Ā Ā Ā ā A corner at the extremity of a section boundary.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SECTION, HALFĀ Ā ā Any two quarter sections within a section which have a common boundary; usually identified as
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā the north half, south half, east half, or west half of a particular section.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SECTION, QUARTERĀ Ā Ā Ā ā One of the aliquot parts of a section. Normally it is a quadrangle measuring approximately
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ļæ½Ā mile on each side and containing approximately 160 acres.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SECTION, QUARTER-QUARTERĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā One of the alquot parts of a quarter section. Normally it is a quadrangle
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā measuring approximatelyĀ ļæ½Ā mile on each side and containing approximately 40 acres.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SEGREGATION SURVEYĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā ā Definition by running survey lines on the ground which separate appropriated lands
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā from the public lands. See MINERAL SEGREGATION SURVEY.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SELECTIONĀ Ā ā In general, an application to acquire title to public lands which is submitted by an applicant who
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā acquired the right to apply for such lands by receipt of a grant, by surrender of his own lands in an exchange, by
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā relinquishment of his rights to other lands (lieu selection), by surrender of scrip or by similar means.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SEMITANGENTĀ Ā Ā Ā ā The distance from the point of curvature or point of tangency to the point of intersection of a
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā highway curve.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SENIOR CORNERĀ Ā Ā ā A point established and monumented by an approved prior survey.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SENIOR LINEĀ Ā ā Survey lines created at different times have different standings. TheĀ āseniorāĀ line would be the line
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā which was surveyed and approved first. See SENIOR RIGHTS.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SENIOR RIGHTSĀ Ā ā The rights which take precedence. The first patent issued usually takes precedence in a situation
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā where a later survey is in conflict with an earlier survey. The first patent issued usually has the superior (senior)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā right or title regardless of the dates of the surveys.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SENIOR SURVEYĀ Ā Ā ā The oldest of two or more surveys which fixed the position of the line and is controlling unless
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā officially superseded by a subsequent survey.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SERIAL REGISTERSĀ Ā Ā ā Serial registers were instituted in 1908 as a digest of land case records. BLM maintains these
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā individual chronological records of each public land transaction. Each transaction (case) appears as a page or pages
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā in a serial register. Each one is identified by the serial number assigned to it. A running record of each case, its
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā inception and any actions on it, is kept in book form in the land office of each public domain land state. Serial
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā register pages are now microfilmed for ease in retrieval of information as well as to conserve space. As cases are
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā closed the files for them are sent to Federal records centers of the General Services Administration. Also See
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā CONTROL DOCUMENT INDEX.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SETTLEMENT CLAIMĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā ā A claim to a right to make a homestead entry. Such claims are based upon actual settlement
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā of the public lands involved. They can no longer be initiated except in Alaska.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SEVEN RANGES, THEĀ Ā Ā ā The first cadastral survey of the public lands of the United States began in July 1786, in the
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā area immediately south of theĀ āGeographerās Line,āĀ in southeastern Ohio. It is calledĀ āThe Seven RangesāĀ because
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā plans called for the inclusion of seven ranges of townships in the first tract of land to be offered for sale. In the
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā survey of the seven ranges, sections are numbered from south to north in each range, with number 1 in the southeast
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā corner of the township and number 36 in the northwest corner. See GEOGRAPHERāS LINE, THE; ORDINANCE
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā OF MAY 20, 1785.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SEWARD MERIDIANĀ Ā Ā Ā ā The principal meridian governing surveys in southwestern Alaska; it was adopted in 1911.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SHAFTĀ ā In mining, an opening made at the surface and extending downward into the earth vertically. See DRIFT,
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā TUNNEL and ADIT.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SHOREĀ Ā ā The land which is covered and uncovered by the rise and fall of the normal tide. It is the strip of land
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā between the mean high water and mean low water lines. In its strictest use, the term applies only to land along tidal
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā waters. See TIDELANDS.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SHORELINE, OCEAN (T.R. No. 4)Ā ā The intersection of a specified plane of water with the shore or beach (e.g., the
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā high water shore line would be the intersection of the plane of mean high water with the shore or beach). The line
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā delineating the shore line on U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey nautical charts and surveys approximates the mean
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā high water line. The termsĀ āshorelineāĀ andĀ ācoast lineāĀ are frequently used as being synonymous. WhenĀ āshore
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā lineāĀ is used the user should specify what is meant, e.g., mean high water shore line, mean low water shore line, etc.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā See BEACH, SHORE, COAST LINE, MEAN HIGH WATER, FORESHORE, BACKSHORE, etc.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SHORE LINE, RIVERĀ Ā ā The shore line is the line which is washed by the water wherever it covers the bed of the
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā river within its banks. It lies along the bank at the mean level attained by the waters of the river when they reach and
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā wash the bank without overflowing it.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SHORE, OCEANĀ Ā āĀ āThis is the most important of the four zones, and extends from the low water mark inshore to the
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā base of the cliff (large or small), which usually marks the landward limit of effective wave action. It is the zone over
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā which the line of contact between land and sea migrates,āĀ per Shalowitz. This definition ofĀ āshoreāĀ describes the
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā same zone as that given by Johnson, and Technical Report No. 4, forĀ āBeach.ā
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā The legal definition ofĀ āshoreāĀ as defined by the U.S. Supreme Court in the case of Borax Consolidated, Ltd. V.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā City of Los Angeles, 296 U.S. 10, 22-23 (1935) is: (quote) By the civil law, the shore extends as far as the highest
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā waves reach in winter. But by common law the shoreĀ āis confined to the flux and reflux of the sea at ordinary
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā tides.āĀ It is the landĀ ābetween ordinary high and low water mark, the land over which the daily tides ebb and flow.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā (end quote)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā By those definitions the civil law (at least in California) describes the āshoreāĀ orĀ ābeachāĀ as defined by Shalowitz,
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā whereas the common law describes the same zone which is also legally defined as theĀ ātidelands.āĀ See BEACH,
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā FORESHORE, BACKSHORE and TIDELANDS.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SHORE SPACE LIMITATIONĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā ā The limitation of 160 rods or 80 rods of shore space along navigable waters
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā pertaining to certain land entries in Alaska. For provisions of determining theĀ āshore space,āĀ see 43 C.F.R. 2094.1.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SHORE-SPACE RESERVE, ALASKAĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā A reservation of public lands along navigable and certain other waters in
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Alaska, chiefly for harborage purposes.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SICĀ ā Thus. Intentionally so written. Used after a word or passage to indicate that it is meant to be exactly as printed or
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā to indicate that it reproduces an original even if in error as to spelling or usage.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SIDE LINEĀ ā Applied to a strip of land such as a lot or other tract, it defines the boundaries of that tract. Not applied to
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā the ends of a strip. In mining law, theĀ āside linesāĀ of a claim, as platted or laid down on the ground, are those which
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā mark its longer dimension where it follows the course of the vein. If the claim as a whole crosses the vein instead of
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā following its course, theĀ āside linesāĀ are still the boundaries of the longer dimension, even though they cross the
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā vein. See END LINE.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SIGHT TREEĀ Ā ā Same as Line Tree, or on older surveys, Station Tree. See LINE TREE.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SINGLE PROPORTIONATE MEASUREMENT (also called ātwo-wayā proportion)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā A method of proportioning
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā measurement in the restoration of a lost corner whose position is determined with reference to alinement in one
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā direction. Examples of such corners are ā quarter-section corners on the line between two section corners, all corners
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā on standard parallels, and all intermediate positions on any township boundary line. The ordinary field problem
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā consists of distributing the excess or deficiency between two existent corners in such a way that the amount given to
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā each interval shall bear the same proportion to the whole difference as the record length of the interval bears to the
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā whole distance. After having applied the proportionate difference to the record length of each interval, the sum of
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā the several parts will equal the new measurement of the whole distance. See PROPORTIONATE MEASUREMENT
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā and DOUBLE PROPORTIONATE MEASUREMENT.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SITEĀ ā A parcel of ground set apart for a specific use. The word itself does not necessarily imply definite boundaries.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SIXTEENTH-SECTION CORNERĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā Also termedĀ āquarter-quarter section corner.āĀ A corner at an extremity of a
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā boundary of a quarter-quarter section; midpoint between or 20 chains from the controlling corners on the section or
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā township boundaries. Written as 1/16 section corner.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SIXTH PRINCIPAL MERIDIANĀ Ā Ā Ā ā The last of the principal meridians to be named an ordinal number, it governs
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā surveys in Kansas, Nebraska, most of Colorado and Wyoming and a small part of South Dakota. Adopted in 1855, it
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā is abbreviated 6th Prin. Mer. See ORDINAL NUMBER.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SKEW MERCATORĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā ā See OBLIQUE MERCATOR.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SLOPE CHAINEDĀ Ā Ā ā In some of the older surveys the chaining (measuring) was done on the slope but the distances
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā measured were not always reduced to the horizontal equivalent and the slope distance was entered in the field note
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā record. When this systematic error is detected during a retracement cadastral surveyors refer to the line as having
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā beenĀ āsloped chained.ā
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SLOPE CHAININGĀ Ā Ā ā The process of direct measurement of an inclined distance and vertical angle for reduction to its
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā horizontal equivalent.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SMALLEST LEGAL SUBDIVISIONĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā A quarter-quarter section or one lot. See SUBDIVISION, SMALLEST
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā LEGAL and MINOR SUBDIVISIONS.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SMALL-HOLDING CLAIM ENTRYĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā An entry in connection with which the entryman and his predecessors-in-
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā interest maintained continuous, adverse, actual, bona fide possession of public lands in the Southwest for at least 20
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā years prior to cadastral survey of the lands involved (acts of March 3, 1891, 26 Stat. 861; and June 15, 1922, 42 Stat.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā 650).
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SMALL TRACTĀ Ā Ā ā A parcel of public lands of 5 acres or less which has been found chiefly valuable for sale or lease as
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā a home, recreation, business, or community site under the act of June 1, 1938 (52 Stat. 609; 43 U.S.C. 682 a-c), as
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā amended.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SMALL TRACT ACTĀ Ā Ā Ā ā The Act of June 1, 1938 (52 Stat. 609; 43 U.S.C. 682 a-c), as amended, authorizes the
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Secretary of the Interior, under its terms and requirements, to lease or sell parcels (not to exceed 5 acres) of vacant,
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā unreserved public lands, including such lands in Alaska, and public lands withdrawn under theĀ āGeneral Orders of
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Withdrawal,āĀ and those lands withdrawn or reserved for any purposes by the Secretary, but which may be classified
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā by him as being chiefly valuable for sale or lease as a home, recreation, business, or community site under
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā conditions as set forth in the Act. See WITHDRAWAL and WITHDRAWAL, GENERAL ORDERS OF.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SMALL-TRACT CLASSIFICATIONĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā Classification of public lands as being chiefly valuable for sale or lease as
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā small tracts; also, the public lands so classified.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SNOW BLAZEĀ Ā Ā ā In regions subject to heavy snowfall it is desirable survey practices to make a small additional blaze
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā at a height of 6 or 8 feet above the ground on tree monuments and bearing trees to attract attention to them during
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā the winter.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SOLAR ATTACHMENTĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā ā An auxiliary device mounted on a surveyorās instrument which mechanically solves the
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā pole-zenith-sun spherical triangle. When the sunās declination, the latitude of the station and hour angle of the sun
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā are correctly set off on the solar attachment, the instrument on which it is mounted may readily be oriented to the
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā astronomic meridian.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā The first solar attachment was patented by William Burt and when mounted on a surveyorās compass it became a
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā āBurt Solar Compass.āĀ Modern solar attachments are of the telescopic type.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SOLAR LINEĀ Ā ā A line run along an astronomic bearing with a solar attachment. See TACK LINE.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SOLDIERSā ADDITIONAL HOMESTEAD ENTRYĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā A selection based on rights of Civil War veterans who had
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā made a homestead entry for less than 160 acres to select enough public lands to make up the difference between the
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā area of their homestead and 160 acres.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SPECIAL DEPOSIT SURVEYĀ Ā Ā Ā ā A survey authorized by law, executed by BLM personnel but at no cost to the
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā government, estimated costs to be deposited to BLM prior to survey. (43 U.S.C. 682b, 757-761, 887; 30 U.S.C. secs.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā 701 through 709; 43 C.F.R. 2215.3; BLM 2233.15A5 and A5b; 2233.15A6a and d; 2215.31c.) One example:
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Mining Claim Occupancy Surveys.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONSĀ Ā Ā Ā ā The written statement containing the detailed specifications for every cadastral survey
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā assignment.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā The special instructions include the basic information necessary for accomplishing the field work and are an
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā important part of the record relating to the survey. Special instructions are usually prepared by the officer in
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā administrative charge of the work. They are usually written in the third person and, together with the Manual and
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā supportive data, contain the necessary specifications and information for execution of the survey. See
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SPECIAL LAND USE PERMITĀ Ā Ā Ā ā A permit which authorizes the use of public lands for purposes not specifically
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā authorized, or forbidden, by law.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SPECIAL MEANDER CORNERĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā A corner established at: 1) The intersection of a surveyed subdivision-of-section
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā line and a meander line; 2) The intersection of a computed center line of a section and a meander line. In the latter
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā case the center line of the section is calculated and surveyed on a theoretical bearing to an intersection with the
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā meander line of a lake (over 50 acres in area) which is located entirely within a section.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SPECIAL SURVEYĀ Ā Ā ā A cadastral survey that involves unusual application of, or departure from, the rectangular
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā system. They often carry out the provisions of a special legislative act and include such work as small tract surveys;
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā townsite survey; island and omitted land surveys; homestead, homesite, trade and manufacturing site surveys; also
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā the survey and resurvey of portions of sections.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SPECIAL SURVEYS, ALASKAĀ Ā Ā Ā ā Metes and bounds surveys of areas settled upon or applied for under certain special
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā land laws applicable to the State of Alaska. See METES-AND-BOUNDS SURVEY.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SPHERICAL COORDINATESĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā - Pairs of angular values such as latitude and longitude or right ascension and
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā declination which locates points on a sphere in reference to fixed, or defined, great circles.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SPHEROIDĀ Ā ā In general, any figure differing but little from a sphere. In geodesy, a mathematical figure closely
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā approaching the geoid in form and size. See GEOID, GEODETIC SURVEY and SPHEROID*.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SQUATTERāS RIGHTSĀ Ā Ā Ā ā An asserted right to occupy public lands by virtue of occupancy.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STANDARDĀ Ā ā In cadastral survey slang, an ordinary steel pocket tape marked in chains or feet. In earlier surveyor
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā usage,Ā āstandardāĀ referred to a standard length against which the old-style survey chain was checked for accuracy.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STANDARD CORNERĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā ā A senior corner on a standard parallel or base line.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STANDARD FIELD TABLES AND TRIGONOMETRIC FORMULASĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā A supplement to the Manual of
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Surveying Instructions first published by the General land office in 1910. The eighth edition was published in 1956.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā The tables and data are designed for use by cadastral surveyors in the field and office.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STANDARD PARALLELĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā ā Also calledĀ ācorrection line.āĀ A line extended east or west from the principal meridian,
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā usually at intervals of 24 miles north and south of the base line, along a parallel of latitude. Standard parallels are
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā established to correct for the convergence of range lines and to maintain a workable adherence to the requirement
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā that each township be 6 miles square. They are surveyed in the manner prescribed for the survey of the base line.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STANDARD PARALLEL, AUXILIARYĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā Where standard parallels have been placed at intervals exceeding 24 miles
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā (under practice permissible prior to the issuance of the 1881 Manual of Surveying Instructions which specified 24
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā mile tracts), and conditions require additional standard lines, an intermediate correction line is established to which
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā may be given a local name, such asĀ āFifth Auxiliary Standard parallel North,āĀ orĀ āCedar Creek Correction Line.ā
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā An auxiliary standard parallel is run, in all respects, like a regular standard parallel.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STAPLE CROPĀ Ā ā A chief commodity or production of a place. A crop used, needed or enjoyed by many people and
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā therefore produced regularly, or in large quantities, is aĀ āstaple crop.āĀ Under the meaning of the grants of swamp
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā and overflowed lands to various states, aĀ āstaple cropāĀ may include tame grass or hay as well as the cereals, cotton
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā or tobacco normally grown in a specific region. See SWAMP AND OVERFLOWED LANDS.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STARE DECISISĀ Ā ā To abide by, or adhere to, decided cases. It is under the policy ofĀ āstare decisisāĀ that courts stand
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā by precedent and do not disturb a settled point. It is the doctrine which states that when the court has once laid down
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā a principle of law as applicable to certain state of facts, it will adhere to that principle and apply it to all future cases
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā where facts are substantially the same. Also See RES JUDICATA and OBITER DICTUM.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STATE COORDINATE SYSTEMSĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā The plane-rectangular coordinate systems established by the United States
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Coast and Geodetic Survey, one or more for each state in the United states, used for defining positions in terms of
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā plane-rectangular (x and y) coordinates. Also called State Plane Coordinate Systems.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STATE DIRECTOR (BLM)Ā Ā Ā Ā ā The principal Bureau official at the State level. He is directly accountable to the
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Director of the Bureau of land management. Formerly called State Supervisor.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STATE EXCHANGEĀ Ā Ā Ā ā An exchange between the Federal Government and a State. See EXCHANGE, PRIVATE
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā EXCHANGE and TAYLOR ACT EXCHANGE.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STATE GRANTSĀ Ā Ā ā Grants of public lands were made to States for schools and other public purposes. The most
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā common State grants are: school, swamp, tide land, land under navigable waters, and lands for internal
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā improvements. Generally, title to State grant lands could pass only after survey of the lands. Originally, mineral
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā lands were excluded. Also excluded were lands taken by settlers, withdrawn for public purposes or otherwise
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā disposed of by the Government. These grants by Congress were grants which may pass title to lands without further
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā approval or documentation by a Federal agency. See SCHOOL LAND PATENT, INDEMNITY LANDS and
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā RAILROAD GRANT.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STATEHOODĀ Ā Ā ā The Thirteen Original States organized the Federal Union under the name ofĀ āThe United States of
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā AmericaāĀ by ratifying the Articles of Confederation, and later, the Constitution. They are: New Hampshire, New
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā York, Maryland, Georgia, Delaware, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Jersey, North Carolina and South Caroline. The other states were admitted to the Union by acts of Congress
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā (enabling acts), usually upon petition of the citizens residing in the territories in question, as follows:
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Alabama ā December 14, 1819 (3 Stat. 608)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Alaska ā January 3, 1959 (72 Stat. 339)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Arizona ā February 14, 1912 (36 Stat. 557; 37 Stat. 1728)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Arkansas ā June 15, 1836 (5 Stat. 50)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā California ā September 9, 1850 (9 Stat. 452)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Colorado ā August 1, 1876 (18 Stat. 474; 19 Stat. 665)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Florida ā March 3, 1845 (5 Stat. 742)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Hawaii ā August 21, 1959 (73 Stat. 4)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Idaho ā July 3, 1890 (26 Stat. 215)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Illinois ā December 3, 1818 (3 Stat. 536)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Indiana ā December 11, 1816 (3 Stat. 399)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Iowa ā December 28, 1846 (9 Stat. 117)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Kansas ā January 29, 1861 (12 Stat. 126)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Kentucky ā June 1, 1792 (1 Stat. 189)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Louisiana ā April 30, 1812 (2 Stat. 701)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Maine ā March 15, 1820 (3 Stat. L. 544)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Michigan ā January 26, 1837 (5 Stat. 144)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Minnesota ā May 11, 1858 (11 Stat. 285)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Mississippi ā December 10, 1817 (3 Stat. 472)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Missouri ā August 10, 1821 (3 stat. 645, 3 stat. Appendix II)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Montana ā November 8, 1889 (25 Stat. 676; 26 Stat. 1551)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Nebraska ā March 1, 1867 (14 Stat. 391, 820)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Nevada ā October 13, 1864 (13 Stat. 30, 749)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā New Mexico ā January 6, 1912 (36 Stat. 557; 37 Stat. 1723)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā North Dakota ā November 2, 1889 (25 Stat. 676; 26 Stat. 1548)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Oklahoma ā November 16, 1907 (34 Stat. 267; 35 Stat. 2160)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ohio ā Feb. 19, 1903 (2 Stat. 201)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Oregon ā February 14, 1859 (11 Stat. 383)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā South Dakota ā November 2, 1889 (25 Stat. 676; 26 Stat. 1549)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Tennessee ā June 1, 1796 (1 Stat. L. 491)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Texas ā December 25, 1845 (9 Stat. L. 108)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Utah ā January 4, 1896 (28 Stat. 107; 29 Stat. 876)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Vermont ā March 4, 1791 (1 Stat. L. 191)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Washington ā November 11, 1889 (25 Stat. 676; 26 Stat. 1552)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā West Virginia ā June 19, 1863 (13 Stat. L. 731)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Wisconsin ā May 29, 1848 (9 Stat. 233)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Wyoming ā July 10, 1890 (26 Stat. 222).
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STATE PLANE COORDINATE SYSTEMSĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā The plane-rectangular coordinate systems established by the U.S.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Coast and Geodetic Survey, one for each State in the Union, certain territories and the Commonwealth of Puerto
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Rico, used for defining positions of geodetic stations in terms of plane-rectangular (x and y) coordinates.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā The two principal systems in use in the United States are the Lambert Conformal Conic map projection and the
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Transverse Mercator map projection. See OBLIQUE MERCATOR PROJECTION.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STATE SELECTIONĀ Ā Ā ā An application to acquire title submitted by a state. See STATE SELECTION SURVEY.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STATE SELECTION LANDS, ALASKAĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā The enabling act admitting Alaska as a State provides that, within 25
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā years after statehood, Alaska is granted and entitled to select 103,350,000 acres (161,484 square miles) of vacant
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā and unappropriated public land.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STATE SELECTION SURVEYĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā ā The survey providing limited monumentation of the township boundaries of lands
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā selected by the State of Alaska.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STATES EXEMPT FROM FEDERAL MINING LAWĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā States whose land never belonged to the United States, and
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā states specifically exempted from the Federal mining laws, are not open to location under Federal laws. These states
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā are Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, New York, New Hampshire, New Jersey,
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Massachusetts, Maryland, Georgia, Delaware, Connecticut, Maine, Vermont, Kentucky, Alabama, Kansas, Illinois,
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Ohio, Oklahoma, Wisconsin, Texas and Hawaii. See LANDS OPEN TO
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā MINERAL LOCATION.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STATE SUPERVISORĀ Ā Ā ā Former title of the officer in charge of a State Office of the Bureau of Land Management.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Now calledĀ āState Director.ā
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STATUS DIAGRAMĀ Ā Ā Ā ā A diagram prepared from a Master Title Plat and Historical Index. A status diagram showing
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā the public domain lands usually accompanies the special instructions for each survey.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STATUS OF PUBLIC LANDSĀ Ā Ā Ā ā The information with respect to any particular parcel or tract of public land; its legal
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā description; whether surveyed or unsurveyed; the non-federal rights or privileges, if any; which attach to it or its
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā resources; whether classified as mineral lands; withdrawals or special laws, if any, which apply to it; and any other
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā pertinent information which may influence the operation of the public-land laws so far as its use or disposal is
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā concerned.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STATUTES AT LARGEĀ Ā Ā Ā ā See UNITED STATES STATUTES AT LARGE.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ST. HELENA MERIDIANĀ Ā Ā ā The principal meridian governing surveys in the southeastern part of Louisiana; it was
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā adopted in 1819.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STICKĀ ā A measurement term used in some field notes and deeds in the early 1800ās, a stick isĀ ļæ½Ā chain or 2 poles
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā (rods). It is the point where, in the use under Tiffinās 1815 instructions ofĀ āatwo poles chain of 50 links,āĀ a chain
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā man called outĀ āstickāĀ to be replied withĀ āstuck.āĀ See OUT, POLE, PERCH, ROOD and TALLY.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STOCKRAISING HOMESTEAD ENTRYĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā An entry of public lands, classified as being chiefly valuable for grazing
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā and the growing of forage crops, under the provisions of the Stockraising Homestead Act of December 29, 1916.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā The provisions for such homesteads were, by implication, repealed by the Taylor Grazing Act.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STONE BOUNDĀ Ā Ā ā A substantial stone post set into the ground with its top end approximately flush with the ground
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā surface. Used to mark accurately and permanently the important corners of a land survey.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STOPEĀ ā An underground excavation in which ore is mined, usually by working from below.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STRADDLE STAKESĀ Ā Ā Ā ā In determining the point of intersection of two lines, stakes are usually lined in on both sides
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā of the point of intersection. Since they straddle the point, surveyors call themĀ āstraddle stakes.ā
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STRAIGHT BASE LINEĀ Ā Ā ā A system for placement of the line that divides the inland waters from the marginal sea in
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā which straight lines connect salient points on outermost limits and fringe islands. See BASELINE.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STREETĀ ā Any public thoroughfare (street, avenue, boulevard, or park) or space more than 20 ft wide which has been
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā dedicated or deeded to the public for public use.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STREET LINEĀ Ā ā A lot line dividing a lot or other area from a street; or more specifically, the side or end boundary of
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā a street, defined by the instrument creating that street as having a stated width.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STRIKEĀ ā In geology and mining, the direction of a line formed by the intersection of a stratum with a horizontal
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā plane.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STRONG BEARINGĀ Ā Ā Ā ā A survey slang term for a bearing which departs markedly from cardinal. A bearing of 2 or
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā more degrees from cardinal may be considered aĀ āstrongāĀ bearing.Ā āHeavy bearingāĀ is used synonymously.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ST. STEPHENS MERIDIANĀ Ā Ā ā The principal meridian governing surveys in southern Alabama and south eastern
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Mississippi; it was adopted in 1805.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SUBDIVISIONĀ ā (verb) 1) Subdivision of a township into sections. 2) Subdivision of a section into half-sections,
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā quarter-sections, sixteenth-sections or sixty-fourth-sections, or into lots, according to the Manual of Surveying
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Instructions. 3) The process of surveying such subdivisions. 4) In the private practice of land survey, subdivision is
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā the division of an area into lots, streets, rights-of-way, easements and accessories, usually according to State law and
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā local regulations ā (noun) A particular aliquot part, lot, or parcel of land described according to the official plat of its
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā cadastral survey. See SUBDIVISION, SMALLEST LEGAL, URBAN SUBDIVISION and MINOR
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SUBDIVISION.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SUBDIVISION-OF-SECTION SURVEYĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā A survey which subdivides a previously surveyed section into the
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā required aliquot parts or lots, using methods which are legally prescribed. See REGULAR SECTION
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SUBDIVISION.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SUBDIVISION, SMALLEST LEGALĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā ā For general purposes under the public-land laws, a quarter-quarter section or
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā one lot. Under certain of these laws and under special conditions, applicants, claimants, etc., can select subdivisions
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā smaller than a quarter-quarter section or lot. See MINOR SUBDIVISIONS and ALIQUOT PARTS.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SUBJECT TO SURVEYĀ Ā Ā Ā ā Open to public land survey. See LANDS SUBJECT TO SURVEY.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SUBMERGED LANDS ACTĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā ā Also called Public Law 31. The act passed during the 1st session of the 83rd Congress
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā and signed into law may 22, 1953. Confirms and establishes the titles of the states to lands beneath navigable water
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā within their boundaries and to the natural resources within such lands and water. The act also establishes jurisdiction
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā and control of the United States over the natural resources of the seabed on the continental shelf seaward of state
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā boundaries. See CONTINENTAL SHELF, OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF, and OUTER CONTINENTAL
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SHELF LANDS ACT.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SUPPLEMENTAL MASTER TITLE PLATĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā An extension of the Master Title Plat, it depicts a congested section,
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā or sections, within a township, drawn to a scale larger than the master title plat in order to adequately show land
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā status in the area. See MASTER TITLE PLAT and USE PLAT.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SUPPLEMENTAL PATENTĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā A patent issued to modify one previously issued, such as a patent issued without a
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā mineral reservation clause, covering coal, to supersede in whole or in part a patent which had been issued with coal
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā reserved to the United States. In the above described case, the patent would be referred to as aĀ āsupplemental non-
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā coal patent.ā
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SUPPLEMENTAL PLATĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā ā A plat prepared entirely from office records designed to show a revised subdivision of
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā one or more sections without change in the section boundaries and without other modification of the record.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Supplemental plats are required where the plat fails to provide units suitable for administration or disposal, or where
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā a modification of its showing is necessary. They are also required to show the segregation of alienated lands from
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā public lands, where the former are included in irregular surveys of patented mineral or other private claims made
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā subsequent to the plat of the subsisting survey, or where the segregation of the claims was overlooked at the time of
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā its approval. In the past, Supplemental Plats were calledĀ ādiagramsāĀ orĀ āMAPS.āĀ See PLAT, MASTER TITLE
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā PLAT, USE PLAT and STATUS DIAGRAM.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SUPRAĀ ā Above. When used in text it refers to matter in a previous part of the publication. See INFRA and OP. CIT.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SUPRA.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATESĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā The highest court in the land. The court of last resort in the
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā federal and state judiciaries. Its jurisdiction is essentially appellate, but it has irrevocable original jurisdiction in
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā cases affecting ambassadors, public ministers and consuls or in cases in which a state is a party. The court is
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā composed of a Chief Justice and eight Associate Justices. See UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURTS and
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā UNITED STATES COURTS OF APPEALS.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SURFACE RIGHTSĀ Ā Ā ā All rights in the land excepting the oil, gas and mineral rights to underground deposits.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SURVEYĀ Ā ā 1) The plat and the field-note record of the observations, measurements, and monuments descriptive of the
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā work performed. Occasionally used as implying that the official plat isĀ āThe Survey.āĀ Commonly, any survey but,
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā specifically, an original survey. 2) The process of recording observations, making measurements, and marking the
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā boundaries of tracts of lands. See RESURVEY and SURVEY*.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SURVEYING INSTRUCTIONSĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā ā Various regions of the United States have been surveyed under amended or
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā differing instructions from the passage of the first Land Ordinance to the present. The Ordinance of May 20, 1785,
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā gave explicit cadastral survey instructions which were to be carried out under the personal supervision of the
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Geographer of the United States, Thomas Hutchins. His successor, Rufus Putnam, was given the titleĀ āSurveyor
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā General of the Northwest TerritoryāĀ under the terms of the Act of May 18,. 1796. He wrote letters of instruction to
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā deputy surveyors as did his successors, Jared Mansfield and Josiah Meigs. In 1815, Edward Tiffin, who succeeded
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Meigs as Surveyor General of Territories east of the Mississippi, issued the first signed and dated general
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā instructions for the guidance of deputy surveyors, though they were partially based on an unsigned, undated
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā manuscript prepared earlier by Mansfield. Other printed circulars followed.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā In 1851, a Manual of Instructions was issued to the Surveyor General of Oregon. After that came the Manual of
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā 1855, the Manual of 1871 (a copy of the 1855 manual), the Manual of 1881, the Manual of 1890, the Manual of
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā 1894 and the Manual of 1902. In 1919, a part of the Manual of 1930 was published, then the Manual of 1930 and the
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Manual of 1947. The Manual of Surveying Instructions for the Survey of the Public Lands of the United States,
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā 1973, is the current manual of surveying instructions.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SURVEYING, LANDĀ Ā Ā ā The determination of boundaries and areas of tracts of land. Land boundaries are usually
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā defined by ownership, commencing with the earliest owners through successive ownerships and partitions. Land
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā surveying includes the re-establishment of original boundaries and the establishment of such new boundaries as may
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā be required in the partition of the land. See CADASTRAL SURVEY.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SURVEYOR GENERALĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā ā Prior to 1925, an officer in charge of the survey of the public lands. The Act of May 18,
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā nbsp;Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā 1796, abolished the office of the Geographer of the United States and provided for the appointment of a Surveyor
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā General. President George Washington appointed Rufus Putnam Surveyor General of the Northwest Territory under
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā the terms of this act. See ACT OF MAY 18, 1796, GEOGRAPHER OF THE UNITED STATES, UNITED
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā STATES SUPERVISOR OF SURVEYS and CHIEF, DIVISION OF CADASTRAL SURVEYS.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SURVEY, ORIGINALĀ Ā Ā ā See ORIGINAL SURVEY.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SUSPENDED APPLICATION OR ENTRYĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā An application or entry upon which adverse action by the Bureau of
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Land Management has been deferred.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SUSPENDED SURVEYĀ Ā Ā Ā ā Also called suspended plat. When question or doubt arises concerning an accepted survey,
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā all actions related to the area covered may be held in abeyance until the matter is resolved. The survey may be
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā corrected, reinstated or cancelled, either in whole or in part, but no action based on the plat may be initiated or
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā completed while the survey is suspended. See CANCELLATION.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SWAMPĀ Ā ā 1) Low lying land saturated with moisture and overgrown with vegetation but not covered with water. 2)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Land at elevations below the upland such as would be wet and unfit for agriculture without construction of artificial
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā drainage. See MARSH, SALT MARSH and SWAMP AND OVERFLOWED LANDS.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SWAMP AND OVERFLOWED LANDSĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā ā Any quarter-quarter section or lot the greater part of which was so
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā swampy or subject to overflow during the planting, growing or harvesting season, in the majority of years at or near
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā the date of the grant of such lands, as to be unfit for cultivation in any staple crop of the region in which it is located
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā without the provisions of some artificial means of reclamation. In common usageĀ āswampāĀ andĀ āoverflowedāĀ lands
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā are regarded as synonymous. See SWAMP-LAND GRANT, LOUISIANA SWAMP LAND ACT OF 1849,
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SWAMP LANDS ACT OF 1850, SWAMP LANDS ACT OF 1860, STAPLE CROP, TIDELANDS, MARSH and
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SALT MARSH.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SWAMP-LAND GRANTĀ Ā Ā Ā Ā ā A State grant consisting of public lands deemed swampy and unfit for cultivation. The
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā lands were granted to enable the various states receiving them to aid in their reclamation. See SWAMP AND
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā OVERFLOWED LANDS, LOUISIANA SWAMP LAND ACT OF 1849, SWAMP LANDS ACT OF 1850,
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SWAMP LANDS ACT OF 1860 and IN PRAESENTI.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SWAMP LANDS ACT OF 1850Ā Ā Ā Ā ā The Act of September 28, 1850 (9 Stat. 519), extended the Louisiana Swamp Land
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Act to the other public-land States then in the Union. See LOUISIANA SWAMP LAND ACT and SWAMP
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā LANDS ACT OF 1860.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SWAMP LANDS ACT OF 1860Ā Ā Ā Ā ā This March 12, 1860 Act (12 Stat. 3) extended the Swamp Lands Act to the States
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā of Minnesota and Oregon. The various swamp-land grants were carried over into R.S. sec. 2479 (43 U.S.C.A. sec.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā 982). For a notable exception to the swamp-land laws, see ARKANSAS COMPROMISE ACT. See LOUISIANA
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā SWAMP LAND ACT OF 1849 and SWAMP LANDS ACT OF 1850
Thoughts